{"id":13797,"date":"2024-07-22T07:36:20","date_gmt":"2024-07-22T07:36:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/occ.vsgconsulting.eu\/?p=13797"},"modified":"2024-07-22T07:36:22","modified_gmt":"2024-07-22T07:36:22","slug":"staying-in-turkey","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/occ.vsgconsulting.eu\/el\/staying-in-turkey\/","title":{"rendered":"\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03a4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03ba\u03af\u03b1"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>\u0393\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03a3\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1 \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1, \u03b2\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c5\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf OCC Greece.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/occ.vsgconsulting.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-1024x683.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-14104\" srcset=\"https:\/\/occ.vsgconsulting.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-1024x683.png 1024w, https:\/\/occ.vsgconsulting.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/occ.vsgconsulting.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/occ.vsgconsulting.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-18x12.png 18w, https:\/\/occ.vsgconsulting.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image.png 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u038c\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03b6\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03a4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03ba\u03af\u03b1, \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u0395\u0395-\u03a4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03ba\u03af\u03b1\u03c2. \u03a9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03ba\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 20\u03bf\u03cd \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1. \u03a0\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9, \u03b7 \u03a4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03ba\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03c6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0395\u03c5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0392&#039; \u03a0\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf \u03a0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03bc\u03bf (Kaya A., 2023).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><em>\u00ab\u03a4\u03bf \u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03be\u03b5\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u0394\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u0393\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf 1961, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u0397\u03bd\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u0392\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ac. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8&#039; \u03cc\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 1960 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 1970 \u03bc\u03b5, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac, \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0391\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b1, \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u039a\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03a7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2, \u03c4\u03bf \u0392\u03ad\u03bb\u03b3\u03b9\u03bf, \u03c4\u03b7 \u0393\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03af\u03b1, \u03c4\u03b7 \u03a3\u03bf\u03c5\u03b7\u03b4\u03af\u03b1, \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0391\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b1, \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0395\u03bb\u03b2\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u0394\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b1, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03c6\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf 1981 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u039d\u03bf\u03c1\u03b2\u03b7\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u00bb.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(\u039a\u03b1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ac \u0391., 2023).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2, \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03ba\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2. \u039c\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf 2023, \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc 5 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bc\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03ba\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ad\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0395\u0395, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u0393\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03be\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03af \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc 3 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bc\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 (Kaya A., 2023).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b7 \u03a4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03ba\u03af\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03be\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03cd\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf, \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b5\u03c9\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03b5\u03c6\u03c5\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0395\u03c5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0391\u03c3\u03af\u03b1. \u039c\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf 2022, \u03b7 \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 3,7 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bc\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03a3\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03af \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc 320.000 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c6\u03c5\u03b3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ac\u03c3\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03b8\u03bd\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 (UNHCR, 2022). \u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc \u03b4\u03b9\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03a4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03ba\u03af\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03bd\u03cd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03ba\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b3\u03bb\u03ce\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03bd\u03cd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ac\u03c3\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf, \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b7 \u039d\u03ad\u03b1 \u039a\u03b1\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c6\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2, \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03ae \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 (\u03a0\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5-\u039a\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b1, 2008).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c9\u03c0\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03a4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03ba\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03be\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bd\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03a4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03ba\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03a6\u03b5\u03b2\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 2023, \u03b5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03b8\u03b9\u03ac \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b6\u03c9\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bc\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd, \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ac\u03c3\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd, \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ac\u03c3\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b1\u03c6\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03b9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c6\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03a4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03ba\u03af\u03b1, \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03c1\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf \u03a3\u03b1\u03c7\u03ac\u03c1\u03b1, \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7 \u039b\u03b9\u03b2\u03cd\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03a4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u039c\u03b5\u03c3\u03cc\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf \u0398\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1. \u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1, \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03b7\u03bd \u03c6\u03bf\u03b9\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03a3\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03ac\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c8\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03a3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ae\u03c1\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03a4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03ba\u03af\u03b1. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ae \u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03be\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03ba\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03ae, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c7\u03ac\u03c1\u03b1\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03b2\u03af\u03b6\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2. \u0391\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf 2005, \u03b7 \u03a4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03ba\u03af\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c6\u03c5\u03c1\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ad\u03b8\u03bd\u03b7 \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b7 \u0399\u03bf\u03c1\u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b1, \u03bf \u039b\u03af\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b7 \u03a1\u03c9\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03a3\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd (Kaya A., 2023).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u038c\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03a3\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c6\u03c5\u03b3\u03b5\u03c2, \u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03ba\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03c5\u03b2\u03ad\u03c1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03be\u03ad\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c6\u03c5\u03bb\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf 2022, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 2014, \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 (Kaya A., 2023). \u03a9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae: \u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03ba\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03c5\u03b2\u03ad\u03c1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03a3\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b5\u03c7\u03b8\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2. \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03a3\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c5\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03a4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03ba\u03af\u03b1. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ce\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03ad\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd \u03a3\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b1 (\u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b8\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1, 2023).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><\/p>\n<cite>&nbsp;<br><em>\u00ab\u039a\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03af \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03b1\u03cd\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u00bb <\/em><br><br>(\u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b8\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1, 2023).<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"503\" src=\"https:\/\/occ.vsgconsulting.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Screenshot-2024-06-25-at-11.37.51-1024x503.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-13798\" srcset=\"https:\/\/occ.vsgconsulting.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Screenshot-2024-06-25-at-11.37.51-1024x503.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/occ.vsgconsulting.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Screenshot-2024-06-25-at-11.37.51-300x147.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/occ.vsgconsulting.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Screenshot-2024-06-25-at-11.37.51-768x377.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/occ.vsgconsulting.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Screenshot-2024-06-25-at-11.37.51-18x9.jpeg 18w, https:\/\/occ.vsgconsulting.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Screenshot-2024-06-25-at-11.37.51.jpeg 1279w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>\u0395\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1 4:<strong> <\/strong>\u039e\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ae\u03ba\u03bf\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03a4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03ba\u03af\u03b1, \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c6\u03cd\u03bb\u03bf. (\u03a4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03ba\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03a3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u0388\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 (T\u00dc\u0130K), 2023, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.migrationpolicy.org\/article\/turkey-migration-history\">\u0397 \u03a4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03ba\u03af\u03b1, \u03b7 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03c5\u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03cd\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf, \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03b7 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u03a3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7<\/em>: \u03a4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03a3\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03ae \u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b2\u03af\u03b6\u03b1 \u03ae \u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0397 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03ba\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c6\u03c5\u03b3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03c0\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u0394\u03af\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u0391\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b4\u03b1\u03c0\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u0394\u03b9\u03b5\u03b8\u03bd\u03ae \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 (2013) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u039a\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 (2014) (UNHCR, 2022). \u03a4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bf\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03b4\u03af\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03ba\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c3\u03cd\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a3\u03cd\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 1951 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03a0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c6\u03c5\u03b3\u03b5\u03c2 (Kaya A., 2023).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0395\u03bd\u03ce \u03b7 \u038e\u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7 \u0391\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u0397\u03bd\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u0395\u03b8\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03a0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c6\u03c5\u03b3\u03b5\u03c2 (UNHCR) \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c6\u03c5\u03b3\u03b1, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03ba\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b1, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ac\u03c1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c6\u03c5\u03b3\u03b1 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03b8\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2. \u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1. \u03a4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b4\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03b4\u03ae\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03be\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd. \u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03ae\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03af\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bc\u03c6\u03b9\u03c3\u03b2\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03b8\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03a3\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 (Kaya A., 2023).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ac\u03c3\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03a4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03ba\u03af\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2. \u0388\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03b8\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf 1\u03a4\u03a024\u03a4 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03ad\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039d\u03ad\u03b1\u03c2 \u039a\u03b1\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd. \u03a3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03a3\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2, \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c3\u03cd\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5. \u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u039a\u03c9\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c3\u03cd\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1. \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ac \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c3\u03cd\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5, \u03bf \u03b5\u03b8\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03ad\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b2\u03c1\u03ad\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03a4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03ba\u03af\u03b1 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Covid-19. \u0388\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03b8\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2, \u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03a4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03ba\u03af\u03b1, \u03ad\u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ac\u03c3\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03be\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03bb\u03c6\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03cc \u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf. \u03a9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c3\u03cd\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03ba\u03af\u03b1\u03c2. \u0395\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03be\u03b7\u03c2, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ac\u03c3\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1, \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b6\u03b7\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b7\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0395\u0395 (\u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03b8\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1, 2023).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><\/p>\n<cite><em>\u00ab\u03a4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bc\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ac\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ae \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd<\/em>\u201d<br><br>(fe Collyer et al. 2012; Samers &amp; Collyer, 2017).<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"512\" height=\"385\" src=\"https:\/\/occ.vsgconsulting.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/istanbul-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-13802\" srcset=\"https:\/\/occ.vsgconsulting.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/istanbul-1.jpg 512w, https:\/\/occ.vsgconsulting.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/istanbul-1-300x226.jpg 300w, https:\/\/occ.vsgconsulting.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/istanbul-1-16x12.jpg 16w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0395\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1 5: \u039a\u03c9\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7 (\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03b1, \u0391\u03cd\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 2023)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039f \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ac\u03c3\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03a4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03ba\u03af\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ac\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ac\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03a4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03ba\u03af\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c6\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0395\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 (\u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b8\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1, 2023).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0397 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ac\u03c3\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c6\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0395\u0395 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03cd\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03ad\u03bb\u03b8\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0395\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0388\u03b2\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5, \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf \u0395\u03c5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u039f\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0391\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 (Frontex) \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03b1\u03c0\u03ce\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03bd \u03cc\u03c3\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0395\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 (\u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b8\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1, 2023). \u03a9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ac\u03bc\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 (Van Houtum, 2010), \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c9\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03b5\u03cd\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b7 \u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bb\u03b1\u03b8\u03c1\u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 (\u03c0.\u03c7. Jones, 2016 Brambilla &amp; Jones, 2020).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0395\u03bd\u03ce \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03be\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u039a\u03c9\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0391\u03b8\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bb\u03b9\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03ce\u03c1\u03b1, \u03b8\u03b1\u03c5\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03cc\u03b2\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c3\u03b1, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ac\u03c3\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03af\u03b4\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03be\u03b7\u03c1\u03ac \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2: \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03af\u03b4\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b1\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03b1, \u03b2\u03af\u03b1. \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03c2. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bb\u03b1\u03b8\u03c1\u03ad\u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bd\u03cd\u03c7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c5\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><\/p>\n<cite><em>\u00ab\u0395\u03af\u03b4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c6\u03af\u03bb\u03bf \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03b8\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0388\u03b2\u03c1\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0395\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1\u00bb<\/em><br><br>(\u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b8\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1, 2023).<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:0px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0388\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b8\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c6\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf \u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03af\u03b4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ae\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c3\u03b5 23 \u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0395\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1, \u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ad\u03c3\u03c7\u03b9\u03b6\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03cc \u0388\u03b2\u03c1\u03bf. \u039f\u03bc\u03bf\u03af\u03c9\u03c2, \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b8\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2, \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03b2\u03ad\u03c1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03b4\u03b9\u03ad\u03c3\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ac\u03bc\u03b9, \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03c6\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b2\u03af\u03b1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03a4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03ba\u03af\u03b1, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bb\u03ad\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2. \u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd, \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5. \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03ad\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7, \u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03b8\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5, \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c0\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1. \u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03b6\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03cd\u03b3\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03bb\u03b1\u03b8\u03c1\u03ad\u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf, \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 5.000 \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ce -\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae\u03c2- \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0388\u03b2\u03c1\u03bf (\u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03b8\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1, 2023).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03ac\u03c1\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf, \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03b8\u03cd\u03bd\u03c9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0395\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:0px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u03b2\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Brambilla C. &amp; Jones R. (2020). \u0395\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03be\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd, \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b2\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd: \u0391\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd. \u039a\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03a7\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2. \u03a4\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 38 (2) 287-305.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Collyer M. &amp; Samers M. (2017). \u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7: \u0392\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u0399\u03b4\u03ad\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u0393\u03b5\u03c9\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1. 2\u03b7 \u03ad\u03ba\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7. <em>Routledge. \u03a4\u03ad\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c1<\/em> <em>\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 Francis group London &amp; New York.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kaya A. (2023). \u0397 \u03a4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03ba\u03af\u03b1, \u03b7 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03c5\u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03cd\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf, \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03b7 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2. <em>MPI. \u0399\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf \u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2.<\/em> \u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc https:\/\/www.migrationpolicy.org\/article\/turkey-migration-history<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a0\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5-\u039a\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b1, \u0391. (2008). \u038c\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 Transit. \u03a3\u03c4\u03bf: Transit Migration. \u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7, \u039c\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0399\u03b8\u03b1\u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1. Palgrave Macmillan, \u039b\u03bf\u03bd\u03b4\u03af\u03bd\u03bf. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1057\/9780230583801_4\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1057\/9780230583801_4<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u038e\u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7 \u0391\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039f\u0397\u0395 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03a0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c6\u03c5\u03b3\u03b5\u03c2 (2022). \u03a4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03ba\u03af\u03b1. <em>UNHCR. \u0397 \u03a5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039f\u0397\u0395 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03a0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c6\u03c5\u03b3\u03b5\u03c2.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Van Houtum H. (2010). \u03a4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0399\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc. \u03a3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\/\u03c4\u03ac\u03be\u03b7. \u03a0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u03a4\u03bf \u03b4\u03b5\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03ac\u03c1\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b2\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c5\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b7 ESC \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf OCC Greece \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03ba\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7 \u0394\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u0395\u03c5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03b7. <\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13802,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[75],"tags":[382,155,126,380,381],"class_list":["post-13797","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","tag-evros","tag-migrants","tag-refugees","tag-turkey","tag-turkey-migration","latest_post"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - 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